C++ Operators

Unary¶

Name	Syntax	Return Value
Increment	`++A`	`A + 1`
Increment	`A++`	`A`
Decrement	`––A`	`A - 1`
Decrement	`A--`	`A`

Binary¶

Name	Syntax	Assignment Shortcut
Arithmetic	`A + B A - B A * B A / B`	Yes
Modulo (remainder)	`A % B`	Yes
Logical AND, OR, NOT	`A && B A \|\| B A ! B`	No
Bitwise AND, OR, NOT, XOR	`A & B A \| B A ~ B A ^ B`	Yes
Bit Shift Left, Right	`num << n num >> n`	Yes
Comparison	`A < B A > B A <= B A >= B A == B A != B`	No

Notes¶

Assignment Shortcuts - For those operators which permit assignment shortcuts, the syntax LHS op= RHS is equivalent to LHS = LHS op RHS. For example, the following two statements are equivalent: A += 5 and A = A + 5

Bit Shifts - When shifting bits left, zeros are padded on the right. When shifting bits right, the left-most bit is a sign bit, and is propagated to the right.

Swapping integer values - To swap integer values without using an intermediate variable, use the following code: a ^= b; b ^= a; a ^= b;.

Ternary¶

Name	Syntax
Conditional	`condition ? ResultIfTrue : ResultIfFalse`

Precedence Order¶

Operators	Usage	Associativity
`::`	Scope Resolution	Left
`() [] -> .`		Left
`! ~ +` (unary) `-` (unary) `++ –– &` (unary)	Logical NOT; Bitwise NOT; Arithmetic sign; Increment; Decrement; AddressOf	Right
* (unary) `(typecast) static_cast`	Pointer dereferencing; casting	Right
`const_cast dynamic_cast reinterpret_cast`	Casting	Right
`sizeof new delete...typeid`		Right
`.` (unary) `->`		Left
`* / %`	Arithmetic	Left
`+ -`	Arithmetic	Left
`<< >>`	Bitwise shift	Left
`< <= > >=`	Logical Comparison	Left
`== !=`	Logical Comparison	Left
`&`	Bitwise logic	Left
`^`	Bitwise logic	Left
`\|`	Bitwise logic	Left
`&&`	Boolean Logic	Left
`\|\|`	Boolean Logic	Left
`?:`	Conditional operator	Right
`= *= /= %= += -=`	Assigment; Assignment shortcuts	Right
`&= ^= \|= <<= >>=`	Assignment shortcuts	Right
`,` (comma)	Multiple statements	Left

Notes¶

If there are no parenthesis in an expression, operators of equal precedence are executed in a sequence determined by their associativity. For operators with an associativity of left, the left-most operator is executed first; for operators with an associativity of right, the right-most operator is executed first.