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C++ Operators

Unary¶

Name	Syntax	Return Value
Increment	++A	A + 1
	A++	A
Decrement	––A	A - 1
	A--	A

Binary¶

Name	Syntax	Assignment Shortcut
Arithmetic	A + B A - B A * B A / B	Yes
Modulo (remainder)	A % B	Yes
Logical AND, OR, NOT	A && B A || B A ! B	No
Bitwise AND, OR, NOT, XOR	A & B A | B A ~ B A ^ B	Yes
Bit Shift Left, Right	num << n num >> n	Yes
Comparison	A < B A > B A <= B A >= B A == B A != B	No

Notes¶

• Assignment Shortcuts - For those operators which permit assignment shortcuts, the syntax LHS op= RHS is equivalent to LHS = LHS op RHS. For example, the following two statements are equivalent: A += 5 and A = A + 5
  

• Bit Shifts - When shifting bits left, zeros are padded on the right. When shifting bits right, the left-most bit is a sign bit, and is propagated to the right.
  

• Swapping integer values - To swap integer values without using an intermediate variable, use the following code: a ^= b; b ^= a; a ^= b;.
  

Ternary¶

Name	Syntax
Conditional	condition ? ResultIfTrue : ResultIfFalse

Precedence Order¶

Operators	Usage	Associativity
::	Scope Resolution	Left
() [] -> .		Left
! ~ + (unary) - (unary) ++ –– & (unary)	Logical NOT; Bitwise NOT; Arithmetic sign; Increment; Decrement; AddressOf	Right
* (unary) (typecast) static_cast	Pointer dereferencing; casting	Right
const_cast dynamic_cast reinterpret_cast	Casting	Right
sizeof new delete...typeid		Right
.* (unary) ->*		Left
* / %	Arithmetic	Left
+ -	Arithmetic	Left
<< >>	Bitwise shift	Left
< <= > >=	Logical Comparison	Left
== !=	Logical Comparison	Left
&	Bitwise logic	Left
^	Bitwise logic	Left
|	Bitwise logic	Left
&&	Boolean Logic	Left
||	Boolean Logic	Left
?:	Conditional operator	Right
= *= /= %= += -=	Assigment; Assignment shortcuts	Right
&= ^= |= <<= >>=	Assignment shortcuts	Right
, (comma)	Multiple statements	Left

Notes¶

If there are no parenthesis in an expression, operators of equal precedence are executed in a sequence determined by their associativity. For operators with an associativity of left, the left-most operator is executed first; for operators with an associativity of right, the right-most operator is executed first.